U.P.P.C.S. Mains 2013

Balban's Statecraft

Authentic Past Paper Standard Evaluation

Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R). **Assertion (A):** Balban made his government firm stable and centralized all authority in his hands. **Reason (R):** He wanted to protect North-West frontier against Mongol invasions. Code:

Solution & Analysis

Answer: B

Concept Balban's reign was characterized by the 'Blood and Iron' policy, aimed at both internal stability (suppressing the nobility) and external defense (Mongols).

Explanation Balban dismantled the *Chahalgani
(The Forty) to centralize power. Simultaneously, he fortified the western borders and stayed in Delhi/nearby areas to respond quickly to Mongol raids.

Logical Breakup
Logic 1: Assertion (A) is true. Centralization was Balban's primary internal goal to restore the prestige of the crown.
Logic 2: Reason (R) is true. The Mongol threat was a constant external pressure that dictated much of his military posturing.
Logic 3: (R) does not explain (A). Centralization was not *caused* by the Mongols; it was a response to the weakness of his predecessors and the arrogance of the Turkish nobles.

Active Recall

Question

Why did Balban refuse to expand his territory?

Answer

He prioritized consolidation and the defense of the capital against the imminent Mongol threat over new conquests.

Core Insight

Balban's internal 'Blood and Iron' policy against nobles and his external defensive posture against Mongols were two parallel pillars of his survival strategy.