UPSC CSE Pre 2023

Ancient Maritime Trade

Authentic Past Paper Standard Evaluation

With reference to ancient South India, Korkai, Poompuhar and Muchiri were well known as:

Solution & Analysis

Answer: B

Concept In ancient South India, maritime trade was the backbone of the economy, led by strategic coastal settlements that facilitated international commerce with the Roman Empire and Southeast Asia.

Explanation Korkai, Poompuhar (Kaveripattinam), and Muchiri (Muziris) are documented as vital port cities. Korkai was a Pandyan port known for pearl fishery; Poompuhar was a Chola port on the Kaveri; and Muchiri (Muziris) was a Chera port on the Malabar coast.

Logical Breakup
Logic 1: Korkai flourished during the Sangam age in the Thoothukudi district as a hub for pearl trade.
Logic 2: Poompuhar served as a grand emporium for Chola maritime trade in the Nagapattinam district.
Logic 3: Muchiri, located near modern Kodungallur, Kerala, was a critical link in the Indian Ocean trade network.

Active Recall

Question

Which Sangam dynasties controlled these ports?

Answer

Korkai was controlled by the Pandyas, Poompuhar by the Cholas, and Muchiri by the Cheras.

Core Insight

These ports represent the early globalization of South India, where commodities like pearls and pepper were exchanged for Roman gold.