What does the demon 'Mara' symbolize in this context?

Mara represents the inner psychological obstacles, ego, and worldly desires that one must overcome to achieve spiritual liberation.

Bhumisparsha Mudra Meaning: Buddha's Earth Witness Gesture (2012 PYQ)

ID: HIS_PHI_2012_21 Ref: Chapter 4: Thinkers, Beliefs and Buildings

Lord Buddha's image is sometimes shown with the hand gesture called 'Bhumisparsha Mudra'. It symbolizes

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Correct Option: B

The Bhumisparsha Mudra symbolizes Buddha calling the Earth to witness his purity and steadfastness in the face of Mara's temptations. It marks the definitive moment of his enlightenment at Bodh Gaya.