How did these guilds support the Chola state?

They provided a stable revenue base through customs duties and funded temples and public infrastructure on behalf of the state.

Economic Organizations of Medieval India

UPSC Archival Analysis

Manigramam and Nanadesi were the two most influential merchant guilds in early medieval India, managing extensive maritime and domestic trade.

Exam Year

2022

Evidence Source

UPSC Level

ID: HIS_MED_2022_167 Ref: K.A. Nilakanta Sastri, A History of South India