[Solved] Dr. Ambedkar and Neo-Buddhism (Navayana) Movement

Who advocated 'Neo-Buddhism'?

[Chhattisgarh P.C.S. Prelims 2019]

Detailed Solution & Historical Context

Concept

Neo-Buddhism (Navayana) is a modern reinterpretation of Buddhism that emphasizes social justice, rationalism, and the rejection of caste-based oppression.

Authentic Source Evidence

In 1956, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar formally converted to Buddhism in Nagpur. He rejected the existing Mahayana and Hinayana frameworks, arguing that they had been corrupted by Brahmanical influences, and presented a version focused on social and ethical revolution.

Analytical Breakdown

Logic 1: Option C is correct. Ambedkar’s conversion marked the start of the 'Dalit Buddhist Movement'.

Logic 2: Navayana discards several traditional aspects like the four noble truths (in their traditional sense) and focuses on the 'Dhamma' as a social force for equality.

Conceptual Deep Dive & Logic

"How does Navayana differ from traditional Buddhism?"

It removes elements of karma and rebirth that justify social hierarchy and emphasizes Buddha as a social reformer.

Examiner's Mindset & Pro-Tip

"Neo-Buddhism represents the use of religious conversion as a political tool for emancipation and dignity for India’s marginalized communities."

Topic Clusters (click to see related topic questions)

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