Stupa Architecture

Who Built the Sanchi Stupa? Emperor Ashoka

The Sanchi Stupa was originally constructed by the Mauryan Emperor Ashoka in the 3rd century BCE as a brick structure to house Buddhist relics.

Primary Reference: NCERT Class XI - An Introduction to Indian Art

Archived:

Updated:

Who of the following ruler constructed the 'Sanchi Stupa'?

[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1991]

Detailed Solution & Historical Context

Concept


Sanchi is one of the oldest and most intact Buddhist stupa complexes, established as a major center for relic worship by the Mauryan empire.

Authentic Source Evidence


Emperor Ashoka constructed the original brick stupa at Sanchi in the 3rd century BCE. He placed it near Vidisha, the home of his wife Devi. It was later expanded with stone casing and toranas (gateways) during the Shunga and Satavahana periods.

Analytical Breakdown


  • Logic 1: Ashoka is credited with building 84,000 stupas to propagate Dhamma; Sanchi is his most surviving legacy.

  • Logic 2: While Pushyamitra Shunga and others renovated it, the foundational construction is definitively Ashokan.
  • Conceptual Deep Dive & Logic

    "What is the function of the 'Chatra' on top of a stupa?"

    It is a triple umbrella symbolizing high rank and providing symbolic protection/veneration to the relics within.

    Examiner's Mindset & Pro-Tip

    "Sanchi was chosen for its strategic location near the wealthy trade center of Vidisha, ensuring high visibility for Ashoka's religious message."

    Topic Clusters (click to see related topic questions)

    UPSC Question Bank | Verified
    Live Archive Status