Buddhist Monasticism
Most Ancient Monasteries in India: Nalanda and Bhaja
Nalanda is historically recognized as the most prominent ancient monastery-university, though the rock-cut monastery of Bhaja is chronologically older.
Primary Reference: NCERT Class XI - An Introduction to Indian Art
Archived:
Updated:
Exam Year
1992
Evidence Source
Link ↗The most ancient monastery in India is-
[R.A.S./R.T.S. (Pre) 1992]
Detailed Solution & Historical Context
Concept
India has a long tradition of Buddhist 'Viharas' (monasteries), spanning from early rock-cut dwellings to massive residential universities (Mahaviharas).
Authentic Source Evidence
Nalanda is world-renowned as the most famous ancient 'Mahavihara' (university-monastery). While its peak was during the Gupta and Pala periods (5th-12th CE), its roots in Buddhist tradition are much older. However, strictly in terms of architectural antiquity, the rock-cut caves of Bhaja in Maharashtra date back to the 2nd century BCE, making them older than the structural ruins of Nalanda.
Analytical Breakdown
Conceptual Deep Dive & Logic
"Which ruler first provided significant patronage to Nalanda?"
The Gupta Emperor Kumaragupta I is credited with the early foundation and patronage of Nalanda.
Examiner's Mindset & Pro-Tip
"The shift from the small, secluded caves of Bhaja to the massive structural campus of Nalanda reflects the institutionalization of Buddhism in India."
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