[Solved] Virupaksha Temple Location and History | Hampi

Where is the famous Virupaksha temple located?

[UPSC CSE Pre 2009]

Detailed Solution & Historical Context

Concept

The Virupaksha Temple is the functional heart of the Hampi heritage site, representing centuries of architectural evolution from the 7th century to the Vijayanagara peak.

Authentic Source Evidence

Located in Hampi, Karnataka, the temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva as Virupaksha (the consort of Goddess Pampa). It features a 50-meter high gopuram and was significantly expanded by the Vijayanagara ruler Krishnadevaraya to commemorate his accession.

Analytical Breakdown

Logic 1: Hampi (the capital of Vijayanagara) is the correct location.

Logic 2: The temple is unique because it remained a site of active worship even after the destruction of the city in 1565.

Logic 3: Other options like Chidambaram (Tamil Nadu) or Srikalahasti (Andhra Pradesh) house famous Shiva temples but not the Virupaksha.

Conceptual Deep Dive & Logic

"What is the significance of the water channel in the Virupaksha temple courtyard?"

It flows from the Tungabhadra River through the temple kitchen and out into the outer courts, showcasing advanced hydraulic engineering.

Examiner's Mindset & Pro-Tip

"The Virupaksha Temple illustrates the continuity of local 'Pampa' worship integrated into the broader pan-Indian Shaivite tradition."

Topic Clusters (click to see related topic questions)

Tungabhadra River 4 Krishnadevaraya 3