Legislative Competence and Rights Scope

Evidence 1 and Inference 1 are coherent. To ensure uniformity, Article 35 explicitly strips states of the power to punish Part III violations, giving it entirely to Parliament. Evidence 2 and Inference 2 are contradictory. High Courts, under Article 226, hold the specific power to issue writs for violations of rights outside Part III. The correct counterpart is that High Courts remedy non-fundamental right violations. Evidence 3 and Inference 3 are contradictory. Article 24 only bans hazardous labor; innocent or harmless work is not constitutionally prohibited. The correct counterpart is that non-hazardous work is constitutionally permissible.

The Assertion is correct. States cannot pass penal laws enforcing Fundamental Rights. Reason (R1) is true and correctly explains the assertion. Article 35 mandates this to maintain national uniformity. Reason (R2) is factually false. Article 35 explicitly overrides State List competencies when dealing with Fundamental Rights enforcement. The correct counterpart is the centralization of Part III enforcement.

Statement 1 is incorrect. States do not have concurrent jurisdiction to prescribe punishments for Part III offenses. The correct counterpart is Parliamentary exclusivity. Statement 2 is incorrect. While the state cannot pass the untouchability penalty, Article 24 does not authorize a blanket constitutional ban on innocent labor. (Note: Statutory laws like the Child Labour Act regulate this further, but under strict constitutional interpretation of Art 24, harmless work isn't banned). Statement 3 is the most legally precise analysis of the constitutional bounds of Article 24 and Article 35.

Statement 1 is incorrect. Article 35 explicitly DENIES states this power. The correct counterpart is the prohibition of state-level Part III penal laws. Statement 2 is correct. Article 226 covers 'other purposes' beyond Fundamental Rights. Statement 3 is correct. Article 24 targets hazardous work, not harmless work. Statement 4 is correct. Parliament holds exclusive power to punish untouchability (Art 17) via Art 35. Thus, exactly three statements are correct.