Some Buddhist rock-cut caves are called Chaityas, while the others are called Viharas. What is the difference between the two?
UPSC CSE Pre. 2013
A. Vihara is a place of worship, while Chaitya is the dwelling place of the monks
B. Chaitya is a place of worship, while Vihara is the dwelling place of the monks
C. Chaitya is the stupa at the far end of the cave, while Vihara is the hall axial to it
D. There is no material difference between the two
Answer: Chaitya is a place of worship, while Vihara is the dwelling place of the monks
Option b is the correct answer.
Chaitya was a rectangular prayer hall with a stupa placed in the center, the purpose was prayer and discussions. Viharas on the other hand are constructions built in order to provide resting places for the monks. Viharas did not have stupas.