[Solved] Hitopadesha Persian Translation: Mufarrih-ul-Qulub

Who among the following had translated 'Hitopadesha' into Persian?

[U.P.P.C.S. (Mains) 2013]

Detailed Solution & Historical Context

Concept

Didactic fable literature like the Hitopadesha (Book of Good Counsel) was popular across cultures for its practical wisdom in governance and life.

Authentic Source Evidence

During Akbar's reign, the 'Hitopadesha' (originally by Narayan Pandit) was translated into Persian by Tajul Mali under the title 'Mufarrih-ul-Qulub'.

Analytical Breakdown

Option D is Correct: Tajul Mali produced 'Mufarrih-ul-Qulub' (The Gladdener of Hearts).

Logic: These animal fables were utilized by the Mughal court to teach moral philosophy and administrative tact.

Conceptual Deep Dive & Logic

"What is the structure of the Hitopadesha?"

It uses a story-within-a-story format with animal characters to convey moral and political lessons.

Examiner's Mindset & Pro-Tip

"The popularity of Hitopadesha translations highlights the universal appeal of fable-based ethics in medieval court settings."

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Kalila wa Dimna 3

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