Modern History and International Organizations

International Mother Language Day & Bangla Movement | UPSC

Statement 2 is correct; the demand for Bangla as a national language was raised in Pakistan's Constituent Assembly. Statement 1 is incorrect because UNESCO, not UNICEF, declared International Mother Language Day.

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Consider the following statements:
1. 21st February is declared to be the International Mother Language Day by UNICEF.
2. The demand that Bangla has to be one of the national languages was raised in the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?

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Detailed Solution & Historical Context

Concept


Language often serves as a primary driver of cultural identity and political mobilization, as seen in the history of the Indian subcontinent and international recognitions of linguistic diversity.

Authentic Source Evidence


UNESCO (not UNICEF) established International Mother Language Day to commemorate the 1952 language movement in East Bengal. Records of the Pakistan Constituent Assembly confirm the demand for Bangla.

Analytical Breakdown


  • Logic 1: Statement 1 is incorrect. While 21st February is indeed International Mother Language Day, it was declared by UNESCO in 1999, not UNICEF.

  • Logic 2: Statement 2 is correct. In 1948, Dhirendranath Datta moved a motion in the Pakistan Constituent Assembly to include Bengali as an official language alongside Urdu and English. The rejection of this motion fueled the Language Movement.
  • Conceptual Deep Dive & Logic

    "What was the significance of the 1952 Language Movement in East Bengal?"

    It was a socio-political movement that asserted linguistic identity, eventually leading to the birth of Bangladesh as a separate nation based on cultural-linguistic pride.

    Examiner's Mindset & Pro-Tip

    "The substitution of 'UNESCO' with 'UNICEF' is a common 'distractor' technique used by examiners to check for precise reading of organizational mandates."

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