With reference to ancient Jainism, which one of the following statements is correct?
UPSC CSE Pre 2004
A. Jainism was spread in South India under the leadership of Sthulabhadra
B. The Jains who remained under the leadership of Bhadrabahu were called Shvetambaras after the Council held at Pataliputra
C. Jainism enjoyed the patronage of the Kalinga king Kharavela in the first century BC
D. In the initial stage of Jainism, the Jainas worshipped image unlike Buddhist
Answer: Jainism enjoyed the patronage of the Kalinga king Kharavela in the first century BC
Option c is the correct answer.
Statement a is incorrect- Jainism was spread in South India under the leadership of Bhadrabahu especially in Karnataka. He lived in the court of Chandragupta Maurya. Statement b is incorrect- The Jains who remained under the leadership of Bhadrabahu were called Digambaras after the Council held at Pataliputra Statement c is correct- Kharavela was the king of Kalinga, the present-day Odisha. He ruled from the 2nd century BCE to the 1st century BCE. He was a follower of Jainism and he patronized the religion. He built many Jain temples and he donated money to Jain institutions. Statement d is incorrect- At first, Jains didn't worship statues, just like the Buddhists. But later on, they started to worship Mahavira and the twenty-three tirthankaras. They made big, pretty stone statues for this reason, mostly in places like Karnataka, Gujarat, Rajasthan, and Madhya Pradesh.