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Mauryan Rock-cut Architecture

Barabar Hill Caves: Facts and Ashokan Inscriptions

The Barabar Hill Caves date to the 3rd century BCE (Mauryan period) and were dedicated by Ashoka to the Ajivika sect. They do not date to the 6th century BCE.

Primary Reference: NCERT Class XI - An Introduction to Indian Art

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Which one of the following is not true about the Barabar hill caves?

[U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2017]

Detailed Solution & Historical Context

Concept


The Barabar caves represent the earliest examples of rock-cut architecture in India, reflecting Mauryan patronage of non-Buddhist sects.

Authentic Source Evidence


There are four caves (Lomas Rishi, Sudama, Karan Chaupar, Visvakarma). Ashoka inscribed three of them to dedicate them to the Ajivika sect. However, they date to the 3rd century BCE (Mauryan period), not the 6th century BCE.

Analytical Breakdown


  • Logic 1: Statements A, B, and C accurately describe the site's layout and dedicatory nature.

  • Logic 2: Statement D is false because the 6th century BCE was the time of the Mahajanapadas/Early Buddhism, while these caves were excavated by Ashoka in the 3rd century BCE.

    • Conceptual Deep Dive & Logic

    "Which of the Barabar caves is famous for its ornate entrance?"

    The Lomas Rishi Cave, which features an arched facade depicting a row of elephants.

    Examiner's Mindset & Pro-Tip

    "The high polish of the granite interior in Barabar caves showcases the technical mastery achieved by Mauryan stonemasons."

    Topic Clusters (click to see related topic questions)

    Ajivikas 2
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