[Solved] First True Arch in Indian Architecture | Balban's Tomb

In which one of the following buildings is the first extant true arch found?

[CAPF 2017]

Detailed Solution & Historical Context

Concept

The introduction of the 'True Arch' (scientific arch) was a technological revolution in India, replacing the older 'Corbelled' method used in indigenous architecture.

Authentic Source Evidence

The Tomb of Sultan Balban (13th century) in Mehrauli is recognized as the first structure in India to feature a true arch. Unlike earlier mosques where arches were made by overlapping stones (corbelling), Balban's tomb used the scientific method of wedge-shaped stones (voussoirs) and a keystone.

Analytical Breakdown

Logic 1: Early Sultanate buildings like Arhai din ka Jhonpra and Quwwat-ul-Islam used corbelled arches because local artisans were not yet trained in the scientific method.

Logic 2: Although Alai Darwaza features very refined true arches, it was built in 1311, decades after Balban's tomb.

Conceptual Deep Dive & Logic

"What is the mechanical advantage of a true arch over a corbelled one?"

A true arch can span larger distances and support heavier weights by distributing the load sideways to the supports.

Examiner's Mindset & Pro-Tip

"Balban's tomb marks the moment when Islamic engineering principles were fully integrated into the Indian building tradition."

Topic Clusters (click to see related topic questions)

Corbelling 2 Voussoirs 2 Mehrauli 4