[Solved] Who is Maitreya? The Future Buddha in Indian History

With reference to the Indian History, who among the following is a future Buddha, yet to come to save the world?

[UPSC CSE Prelims 2018]

Detailed Solution & Historical Context

Concept

Buddhist eschatology (study of end times/future) includes the prophecy of a successor to the current Gautama Buddha.

Authentic Source Evidence

Maitreya is a Bodhisattva who currently resides in the Tushita Heaven and will descend to Earth when the Dharma has been forgotten to lead sentient beings to enlightenment.

Analytical Breakdown

Logic 1: Option C is correct. Maitreya is universally recognized across all Buddhist traditions as the 'Buddha of the Future'.

Logic 2: Avalokiteshvara (A) is the Bodhisattva of compassion. Padmapani (D) is a form of Avalokiteshvara (the lotus bearer). Lokesvara (B) is a title for Avalokiteshvara as 'Lord of the World'.

Conceptual Deep Dive & Logic

"How is Maitreya typically depicted in Buddhist art?"

He is often shown sitting on a throne with his legs down (European style), signifying his readiness to descend to earth.

Examiner's Mindset & Pro-Tip

"The concept of Maitreya reflects a cyclic view of time where the truth is periodically lost and rediscovered by a new Buddha."

Topic Clusters (click to see related topic questions)

Dharma 7 Avalokiteshvara 5

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