[Solved] Mitra in Kautilya's Saptang Theory: The 7th Element

Which one of the following is the seventh part of the State according to Saptang Theory of State?

[UPPCS Prelims 2015]

Detailed Solution & Historical Context

Concept

Kautilya’s Saptanga Theory (Theory of Seven Limbs) defines the state as an organic whole consisting of seven vital components.

Authentic Source Evidence

In the Arthashastra, the seven elements are: 1. Swami (King), 2. Amatya (Minister), 3. Janapada (Territory/People), 4. Durga (Fort), 5. Kosha (Treasury), 6. Danda (Army), and 7. Mitra (Allies).

Analytical Breakdown

Logic 1: Option C is correct. The 'Mitra' or Ally is the final limb, signifying the importance of international relations and support systems for a state's survival.

Logic 2: Janapada (A), Durga (B), and Kosha (D) are internal elements that occupy earlier positions in the hierarchical list.

Conceptual Deep Dive & Logic

"What is the 'Mandala Theory' related to the Saptanga theory?"

It is a diplomatic theory that classifies neighbors as natural enemies and their neighbors as natural allies (Mitra).

Examiner's Mindset & Pro-Tip

"The inclusion of 'Mitra' as a vital 'limb' of the state shows Kautilya's pragmatic understanding that no state can flourish in absolute isolation."

Topic Clusters (click to see related topic questions)

Arthashastra 13 Chanakya 7 Mandala Theory 2

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